Histopathology of parathyroid gland

Pathology of parathyroid gland

Multiple endocrine neoplasia I affects the parathyroid gland and of course other glands such as those which are part of the endocrine APUD system causing neoplasia of the parenchyma. The gene for MEN-1 is on chromosome 11q13 and it is a tumor suppressor gene. Multiple endocrine neoplasia -2 (MEN-2 syndrome) is caused by mutations in tyrosine kinase receptor RET which is placed on chromosome 10q. MEN 1 and 2 lead to hyperparathyroidism.

There may also be non-MEN parathyroid adenoma. There is also a malignant transformation of the gland causing parathyroid carcinoma.

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Hyperparathyroidism syndromes

Primary hyperparathyrodism
- MEN-1
- MEN-2
- Familial hypercalcuric hypercalcemia
Secondary hyperparathyroidism syndromes
- Renal failure

Hypoparathyroidism

Surgical extirpation
Congenital absence of parathyroid gland
Idiopathic hypoparathyrodism
Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome. This condition is caused by mutation in the autoimmune regulator gene (AIRE)

Parathyroid gland histology Double click for full screen


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