Auscultation schedule:
Introduction

| Auscultation is the art of
listening to the body sounds with the aid of a stethoscope or a machine
device. There are normal
heart sounds and abnormal ones and there are also normal
breath sounds which are said to be vesicular and abnormal
ones. To listen to breath sounds
follow the same points of percussion in
auscultation.
To listen to heart sounds try to follow the areas where the valves of
the heart can be best heard. |
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| Normal heart sound consist
of two sounds. -First heart sound and second heart sound. Both are best
heard in the apex. The apex of the heart is usually at the left 5th
intercostal space just medial to the midclavicular line.
Physiology of heart sounds
First heart sound is caused by the closure of the tricuspid and mitral
valves and normally lasts for 0.15 seconds with a frequency of about
25-45Hz. The second sound is shorter and lasts for 0.12 seconds with a
frequency of about 50Hz. It is caused by closure of aortic and pulmonary
valves at the end of ventricular systole. It may be split
physiologically between the aortic and pulmonary valves. |
| Note: Position adopted
during clinical examination is by the right hand side of the patient.
This picture is only for illustration. |
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